元朝至顺三年碗口铳
元至顺三年(公元1332年)。长35.3厘米,口径10.5厘米,尾底口径7.7厘米。重6.94公斤。1935年发现于北京市房山云居寺,中国历史博物馆藏。这是中国也是世界现存最早的有明确纪年的火铳。铳口外张似酒盏,故名盏口铳或盏口炮。铳身刻有“至顺三年二月十四日,绥边讨寇军,第三百号马山”19字。
铳身阴刻有“至顺三年二月十四日,绥边讨寇军,第三百号马山”19字。
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绥边是安抚的意思,用抚的手段拉拢边境少数民族。
清朝设:镇边、绥边、屯边大臣,镇边大臣负责军事镇压。
“绥边讨寇军”应为“镇边讨寇军”
而且铭文是阴刻,一般的铸造器件铭文均为阳刻,因为模具阴刻,翻铸出来就是阳文。
阴刻只能说是铸造出来以后再刻上去,比刻在模具上困难得多。
且这件碗口铳的重量、口径、长度均不符合火器的特征,不可能用来发射弹丸。
Replica cannon based on the Loshult cannon found in Sweden dating from 1326. This cannon is in the Crecy Museum, Crecy, France, to represent the type of cannon that may have been used at the battle of Crecy in 1346.
Replica Cannon
这个欧洲的碗口铳才是真正的火器,可以把直径一英寸的弹丸打出去。
1326年壁画上的欧洲花瓶铳,庞然大物,管壁极厚,用于发射大型弩箭。
The Six Pounder Cannon
The Ordnance Board of 1841 drew up the design for this gun, which is one of the most common of all the artillery pieces of the Civil War. This gun was made by both the North and the South and was made in both cast iron and bronze, though bronze was more common.
Specifications:
Bore - 3 1/2"
Length - 65 1/2"
Weight - 850 lbs
Trunnion Diameter - 3 5/8"
Range - 1,500 yards (1.25 lb charge, 5 degree elevation)
Number made - ~700
Front Elevation
Example of a US reconstruction of a 6 pounder of 1841
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